Concrete-and-metal structure.



"-No. 761,287. PATENTED 10131, i964.

R. A. CUMMINGS, CONCRETE AN-D METAL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14, 1903.

10 MODEL.

m: NORRIS PETERS cc PHOTO-LITHOY. WASHINGTON. n. cy

UNITED STATES Patented May 31,1904.

. PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERTA. CUMMINGS, or BE VERQPENNS LVANIA.

(iONCRETE-AltlD-METAL STRUCTUREQVI srnczrronrron forming part or LettersPatent No. 761,287, dated May 31, 1904..

' A plication fi1e 1February'1 4,1903. Serial No. 143,278. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may cancer-m;

Be it known that I, ROBERT A. CUMMINGS,"

a resident of Beaver, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Concrete-and- MetalStructures; and'I do hereby declare the following to bea-fu'll, clear,andexact description thereof.

My invention relates to composite metaland-concrete,structures such asare common 1n bridges, vladucts, docks,'reservo1rs, con- I duits,floors, roofs, walls, and other portions of fireproof buildings andother structures.

The object of my invention is to provide such a construction wherein theconcretestrengthening members serve totie together the metal-structure,thus producing a structure stronger and more rigidthan those heretoforeproduced.

In all structures of the above-mentioned kind it is the practice to fillthe spaces between metal members, whether girders, beams, columns, orthe like, with concrete.

The latter generally is strengthened by hav inga series of metal corebars or units embedded therein, which core-bars preferably are roughenedor provided with projections or depressions or otherwise formed ofirregular outline, so that the concrete will take a firm grip thereon,so that the core-bars prevent longitudinal expansion of the concrete,which would rupture the latter, as it has only slight tensile strength.My invention relates in general to structures of this kind; but Iimprove thereupon by uniting said core bars or units at their ends tothe metal members of the structure, such as the girders, beams, columns,or the like. This is preferably effected by providing the metal memberwith a slot and the core-bar with a flattened and broadened portionwhich is of such dimensions that it can be passed through the slot andwhen the bar is given a quarter-turn will be locked therein.

7 which the work is designed.

3 represents a-core-bar, and L the concrete transversely of thecore-bar. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the preferred form of core-bar. Fig.4 is a cross-section thereof on line a 4, Fig. 8.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a modifiedform of,

core-bar. Fig. 6 is a detail of another modi- 55 fic'ation; and Figs. 78, and 9 illustrate means for adjusting tl'lelength of the core-bar.

In the drawings the members of the metal structures are represented bythe I-beam girders 1; but it will be understood that any 6 other membersof any metal structure will answerthe purpose. These girders or beams Iare provided with metal attaching means for the core bars or units,which means may be 4 formed in a piece separate from and attached 5 tothe beams or may be formed directly in the latter. I haveshown for thispurpose a series of slots 2 in the beams, which slots are of any desiredshapeypreferably oblong or rectangular and here shown as arranged ver 7tically, but may be horizontal or in any other positionand being of anumber and distance apart depending upon the particular use f0 down atintervals to form the broadened flattenedportions 5, which are separatedby the round sections 6of the-original bar, thus prot ducing a barpresenting a large number of shoulders whlch Wlll get a good grip on theconcrete, and thus greatly strengthen the lat- 5,

In lieu of this bar, however, any bar of I ter. irregular cross-sectionor even one which is a merely roughened on thesides or even a plain bar,such as shown at 7 in Fig. 5 and. at 8 in Fig. 6, may be employed. InFigs. 3, 4, 9

and '5 the bar has its end hammered, forged, or squeezed down to form abroadened fiattened portion 9 of such width and thickness that whenpresented edgewise to the slot 2 it will pass therethrough, but whichwhen the bar is given a quarter-turn will prevent the bar from beingwithdrawn from the slot, thus locking the bar and metal member 1together. The bar shown in Fig. 6 has an oblong or lozenge-shaped head10, whichacts similar to I 15 width of the flattened portions 5.

2 slots in the three. or more girders.

the flattened head 9 of the other type of bar. If desired, this head maybe rotatably secured to the bar. While preferably the broadenedflattened portion 9 of the core-bar will be at the ends thereof, it isobvious that a similar 1 but also to one or more intermediate of itsends. The slots 2 in that case will be made of a width practically equalto the diameter of the circular portion 6 of the core-bar and of theheight substantiallythe'same as the Then said bar can be passed throughthe slots by simply pushing it forward and giving it quarter-turnsalternately in opposite directions as it is being pushed along, thuspassing the bar through the The broadened flattened portions 9 of thebar can be readily formed at the place where the structure is beingbuilt by merely hammering the end of the bar down. Consequently verylittle 5 additional cost attaches to my improvement over the oldstructures, and, if necessary, any convenient form of bar that may be athand can be employed, it not being necessary to use the specific barshown in Figs. 3 and 1, although 3 I prefer either such a bar or someother bar having roughened or irregular sides in order that the concretemay take a more firm grip thereon.

In the process-of manufacturing metallic structures it may happen thatits members are not maintained in alinement or to prescrlbed dimensions.It may therefore be necessary to have some arrangement whereby thelength of the core-bar is-adjusted' -In 4 Figs. 7, 8, and 9 I have shownseveral arrangements suitable for this purpose. In Fig. 7 theycore-bar 3is provided with a nut 12, whereby its length is varied. If desired ornecessary, the nut may be supplemented by one or more ordinary washers13. The ad- 5 that by turning or moving them transversely on each othera variation in thickness is secured. Other adjusting means will suggestthemselves to those skilled in the art.

In the use of my invention the core-bars will be locked to themetalmembers of the structure in the manner specified and will then beenveloped and embedded in the concrete in the well-known manner of doingthis work. After the latter-sets a composite metal and concretestructure is formed, which is exceedingly strong and rigid and whereinall of the members are firmly tied or locked together.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In fireproof or other structures, the combination of a core bar orunit having a series of adjacent flattened and broadened portions, ametallic member having a slot through which the core-bar is passed andwherein it is locked by means of one of its broadened and flattenedportions, and concrete or the like enveloping and embedding saidcore-bar.

2. In fireproof or other structures, the combination of a core bar orunit having a series of adjacent flattened and broadened portions,girders, columns, or other metallic elements of the structure providedwith slots through which the core-bar is passed and wherein it is lockedby means of one of its broadened and flattened portions, and concrete orthe like onveloping and embedding said core-bar.

3. In fireproof or other structures, the combination of the girders,columns, or other metallic members of the structure provided with slots,core bars or units of irregular outline longitudinally having their endsbroadened and flattened and passing through the slots in the metallicmembers and locked therein by their broadened and flattened portions,and concrete or the like enveloping and embedding said core-bars.

1. In fireproof and other structures, the combination with the girders,columns or other metallic members of the structure provided with slots,of a core-bar passing through said slots and provided with a head on itsend, a spacing member between said head and the metallic member, andconcrete or the like enveloping and embedding said core-bar.

In testimony whereof I, the said Ronnu'r A. CUMMINGS, have hereunto setmy hand.

ROBERT A. CUMMINGS.

Witnesses:

ROBERT C. TOTTEN, G. (J. RAYMOND.

